Poinsettias are synonymous with the holiday season, gracing homes, offices, and storefronts with their vibrant red leaves. But there is more to this iconic plant than meets the eye.
Here are 10 fascinating facts of this festive favorite:
Native to Mexico: Poinsettias (Euphorbia pulcherrima) are native to Mexico, where they grow as shrubs or small trees. In their natural habitat, they can reach up to 15 feet tall! The ancient Aztecs used poinsettias to make red dye and utilized the sap to control fevers.
Not Just Red: While the classic red poinsettia is the most popular, these plants come in more than 100 varieties, including shades of white, cream, pink, purple, orange, and yellow. Marble and bicolor varieties are also available.
Poinsettia come in many colors and varieties The "Flowers" Are Leaves: What we think of as poinsettia flowers are actually bracts, or modified leaves. The true flowers are the tiny yellow clusters (called cyathium) at the center of the bracts.
The Legend of the Poinsettia: A popular Mexican legend tells the story of a poor girl named Pepita, who had no gift for baby Jesus at Christmas. She gathered weeds from the roadside, and as she placed them at the nativity scene, they transformed into vibrant red poinsettias, symbolizing the spirit of giving.
Named After a U.S. Ambassador: The poinsettia is named after Joel Roberts Poinsett, the first U.S. ambassador to Mexico. He introduced the plant to the United States in the 1820s. December 12th, the day of his death, is now celebrated as National Poinsettia Day.
A Major Industry: Poinsettias are America’s No. 1 selling potted plant, contributing $250 million to the U.S. economy annually, even though their market is only about six weeks long. California leads the nation in poinsettia production, followed by North Carolina, Texas, Florida, and Ohio.
A Misunderstood Plant: Contrary to popular belief, poinsettias are not poisonous. According to a study at Ohio State University, a 50-pound child would need to eat over 500 leaves to experience harmful effects. However, the milky sap can irritate skin, eyes, or the digestive system if consumed.
Seasonal Bloomers: Poinsettias are photoperiodic plants, meaning they require long nights and short days to develop their colorful bracts. During most of the year they are attractive green plants, but as soon as the shorter winter days arrive, the bracts begin to change color.
Care Tips: Poinsettias are easy to care for. Water them thoroughly when the soil is dry to the touch and ensure excess water drains from the saucer. They prefer daytime temperatures of no more than 70 degrees Fahrenheit and will hold their bracts longer in cooler temperatures.
Symbolism and Celebration: In Mexico and Guatemala, poinsettias are known as "La Flor de la Nochebuena," or "Flower of the Holy Night," symbolizing Christmas Eve and the holiday spirit. They have become a cherished part of holiday decor worldwide.
Poinsettias are part of the display at New York Botanical Garden
How to Care for Poinsettias After Christmas
Once the holiday season is over, you can continue caring for your poinsettia to enjoy it for months or even prepare it to rebloom next year!
Keep Watering: Continue to water your poinsettia when the soil feels dry to the touch, but do not let it sit in water.
Provide Adequate Light: Place the plant in a bright, sunny location to maintain healthy green foliage.
Temperature Matters: Keep it in a room with temperatures between 60°F and 70°F, avoiding drafts and sudden temperature changes.
Prune in Spring: Around March or April, when the colorful bracts begin to fade, prune the plant back to about 4-6 inches tall. This encourages new growth.
Repot if Needed: If the plant outgrows its container, repot it in fresh soil around late spring.
Move Outdoors: After the last frost, you can move the poinsettia outdoors to a partially shaded area. Gradually increase its exposure to direct sunlight.
Prepare for Reblooming: Starting in late September or early October, ensure the plant has 14-16 hours of complete darkness each night and bright light during the day. This will trigger the formation of colorful bracts.
With proper care, your poinsettia can thrive year-round and bring vibrant color to your home during the next holiday season!
Happy Holidays!
Comments